Wednesday, December 21, 2011

Bore-igin of Species

All right, Darwin.  So you said you found the origin of species.  But with what has been argued 8.7 million species left to be discovered and classified, we still have a lot of originating to do.     
But, what is the number anyway?  It really depends on who you talk to.  Either way, most scientists, evolutionary biologists and specialists agree that there is a huge discrepancy between what has been classified in respective fields and what possibility remains for undiscovered species.In 2002, researchers at the University of Rome published a paper in which they used these higher groups to estimate the diversity of plants around Italy. At three different sites, they noted the number of genera, families and so on. There were fewer higher-level groups than lower ones at each site, like the layers of a pyramid. The scientists could estimate how many species there were at each site, much as it’s possible to estimate how big the bottom layer of a pyramid based on the rest of it.  But Terry Erwin, an entomologist at the Smithsonian Institution, think there’s a big flaw in the study. There’s no reason to assume that the diversity in little-studied groups will follow the rules of well-studied ones. “They’re measuring human activity, not biodiversity,” he said.  David Pollock, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Colorado who studies fungi — a particularly understudied group — agrees. “This appears to be an incredibly ill-founded approach,” he said. There are 43,271 cataloged species of fungi, based on which Dr. Mora and his colleagues estimate there are 660,000 species of fungi on Earth.  Other studies however, conclude that fungus diversity could be as high as 5.1 million species.  Sure dinosaurs roamed the earth 500 million years ago but "what is the point of saying it?”    

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